Man using cpap machine while women is assisting
Sep 19

Recognizing CPAP Infection Symptoms: Key Warning Signs

Sep 19

CPAP therapy is essential for managing sleep apnea—but if your equipment isn't cleaned properly, it can turn into a breeding ground for bacteria and mould. Infections from CPAP use are more common than many realize and can range from mild sinus issues to serious respiratory conditions.

This guide will help you:

  • Spot early signs of CPAP-related infections

  • Understand how poor hygiene contributes to health risks

  • Learn proven cleaning and maintenance strategies

  • Find trusted products to keep your equipment safe and effective

Take action now to protect your health and make the most of your CPAP therapy.

A cpap machine in desk

Common CPAP Infection Symptoms

Sinusitis and Respiratory Infections

Dirty masks and tubing can harbour bacteria and fungi, leading to sinus infections. Symptoms may include:

  • Nasal congestion

  • Facial pain or sinus pressure

  • Post-nasal drip

  • Sore throat and cough

  • Morning headaches

  • Fatigue despite therapy

Respiratory infections may also involve:

  • Wheezing

  • Low-grade fever

  • Shortness of breath

  • Mucus-producing cough

Routine mask replacements—like those available at Your CPAP Shop—can help minimize these risks.

Laying in bed while looking and using his tablet. A CPAP Machine is seen on the bedside table

Allergic Reactions and Skin Irritations

CPAP masks can accumulate dust mites, mould spores, and skin oils—all of which may trigger allergic reactions or irritant dermatitis. Symptoms may include:

  • Sneezing and coughing when the CPAP starts

  • Nasal itching or watery eyes

  • Skin rash where the mask touches

  • Ear fullness or itching

A review in Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology confirms that poor environmental hygiene—including in sleep equipment—can exacerbate respiratory allergies.

To reduce risks:

  • Clean your mask daily with fragrance-free soap

  • Use hypoallergenic mask liners

  • Maintain your bedroom with a HEPA air purifier 

Severe Infections: Pneumonia and Legionnaires’ Disease

Neglecting humidifier cleaning can lead to pneumonia or Legionnaires’ disease, particularly in immunocompromised individuals.

Pneumonia symptoms:

  • Persistent cough with discoloured mucus

  • Fever above 38.3°C

  • Sharp chest pain while breathing

  • Shortness of breath

  • Mental confusion in older adults

Legionnaires’ symptoms may include:

  • Severe muscle aches

  • Nausea or diarrhea

  • Neurological symptoms like confusion or disorientation

To prevent this, always:

  • Use distilled water

  • Empty the humidifier daily

  • Disinfect the chamber weekly

Water chambers and cleaning wipes are available at Your CPAP Shop.

Preventing CPAP-Related Infections

Cleaning and Maintenance Tips

CPAP hygiene must be consistent and thorough.

Daily

  • Rinse mask, tubing, and humidifier with warm water

  • Air dry thoroughly

Weekly

  • Wash all parts in mild soap

  • Disinfect the humidifier with 1:3 vinegar-water

  • Let everything air dry fully

Monthly

  • Inspect for wear or leaks

  • Replace filters

  • Check for mineral buildup

You can find replacement filters and disinfecting wipes at Your CPAP Shop.

A man sitting comfortably while using a cpap machine

How to Stay Safe and Healthy with CPAP Therapy

CPAP is powerful for sleep apnea—but only when used with proper care. Infection symptoms like sinus pressure, cough, or skin irritation can signal it's time to reassess your cleaning habits.

Prevention is simple but essential. Consistent maintenance, clean equipment, and awareness of warning signs go a long way in protecting your respiratory health.

Be proactive. Upgrade your cleaning routine, replace worn parts, and explore protective accessories at Your CPAP Shop to ensure your therapy remains safe, effective, and worry-free.

FAQs

Can I clean my CPAP with regular tap water?

It’s best to avoid tap water for both cleaning and humidification. Tap water contains minerals that can lead to buildup and bacteria. Use distilled water to reduce contamination risk, as recommended by HealthLink BC.

What are the early warning signs of Legionnaires’ disease from CPAP use?

Early signs include:

  • Persistent high fever

  • Muscle aches

  • GI symptoms like diarrhea

  • Shortness of breath

  • Confusion (especially in older adults)

Seek medical attention immediately if these occur.

How long can I go without cleaning my CPAP machine?

Ideally, the mask and humidifier components should be used within one day. According to the Canadian Lung Association, even short gaps can increase bacterial load, especially in humidifiers.